The Fort at Rohtas, near the modern town of Jhelum in northern Pakistan, is one of the largest and most formidable forts in the Indian subcontinent, yet it is one of the least widely known. The perimeter is over 5km long but it was built in only 20 years and was then abandoned
The splendid defenses of Rohtas still survive, complete with 12 gates and 68-shaped bastions. Some of the gates are magnificent
The Mughal Emperor, Humayun, had fled from India along with his family when Sher Shah Suri took over the empire. However, Humayun still posed a threat to Suri. One of the reasons why Suri had the fort built was to suppress Potohar, the local tribes of the area. They were highly loyal to Humayun. The Gakhars were not native to the region. the Rohtas Fort was built for the purpose of crushing the Gakhars.
Ironically, the Afghans were eventually defeated, so the fort came into the hands of the Gakhars. The Afghans lost the support of the locals of Northern Punjab consequently. Humayun captured the fort in 1555. Ranjit Singh, the Sikh ruler, captured the Qila Rohtas in 1825. He used the defense for administrative purposes.
Rohtas Fort (Punjabi, Urdu: قلعہ روہتاس; Qila Rohtas) is a 16th-century fortress located near the city of Jhelum in the Pakistani province of Punjab.The fortress was built during the reign of the Pashtun king Sher Shah Suri between 1541 and 1548 in order to help subdue the rebellious tribes of the Potohar region of northern Punjab that were loyal to the Mughal crown. The fort is one of the largest and most formidable in the subcontinent.[1] Rohtas Fort was never stormed by force,[2] and has survived remarkably intact.[2] The fort is known for its large defensive walls, and several monumental gateways. Rohtas Fort was inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1997 for being an “exceptional example of the Muslim military architecture of central and South Asia.”[2]
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